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Does the construction of a new power system require ultra-high traffic pressure?

Traditional power systems cannot meet challenges brought by high proportion of new power, high proportion of power electronic equipment, and low system conversion habits (“two highs and one low”). In order to ensure the realization of the “3060” carbonization peak and carbon neutrality goals, the task of building a new power system has not only been put on the agenda, but has been promoted to a national strategy.

One viewpoint is that the reality of building a new power system is to transform to a power network. If the dynamic Internet is regarded as a smart power system with six characteristics: “equipment intelligence, multi-energy coordination, information alignment, supply and demand evacuation, flat system, and opening of purchases”, this viewing basis is correct.

But if we believe that the Power Internet is a “strong intelligent network” with ultra-high voltage power network as the backbone, then we need to discuss carefully, view and deeply: What kind of color does ultra-high voltage power network (the important thing is the ultra-high voltage power network for transportation) play in the new power system? Will it still need to continue construction tomorrow? Obviously, understanding this problem has a very important meaning for the scientific compilation of the national “14th Five-Year Plan” and long-term power development plans, and realizing my country’s dynamic transformation goals as scheduled.

The author is Wu Anping, former deputy general engineer of Northeast Power Design Institute

1

The positive overturning changes of traditional power systems

In 2010, american scholar and social prophet Jeremy Rivkin, in his book “The Third Industrial Counterattack”, he wrote. The basic form of the new generation of power systems has been predicted greatly. He believes that in the future society, everyone is both a dynamic consumer and a dynamic producer, and humans will usher in a new era of dynamic civilian dominance; dynamic reaction The “distributed intelligent network” will become the main body of the Internet, and the centralized supernet and evacuated intelligent network will determine the descendants of the descendants of the country to inherit the economic and social problems from the hands of tomorrow’s people. Take a look at the changes in the world’s power sector over the past 10 years and its future development trends, and you cannot believe the remoteness of Mr. Rivkin’s teacher Sugar daddy‘s insights.

(1) Traditional technical routes have been basically abandoned.

The development routes that traditional power systems adhere to are: the capacity of the machine is getting bigger and bigger, the power supply is becoming more and more concentrated, the voltage level is getting higher and higher, and the transmission distance is getting farther and farther. As a result, the “three-dimensional” and centralization level of the Internet are constantly improving. The reality of this route is to continuously improve the voltage level, using this as a solution to the development of the InternetThe basic skills of the problem, even the magic treasure.

The development route of the new power system is: based on the characteristics of the new power, mainly for distributed development, and a large number of small and evacuated power sources are connected to the distribution network or ordinary high-voltage network. The result is that the power itself is coming, and the network trend is flattened, distributed, and localized. The reality of this route is to abide by the “first principle” and regional balance rules of the Internet, rely on the innovation of new forces and information communication technology, and realize the sustainable development of human dynamics. The two routes represent two divergent times, and the former is obviously abandoned.

(2) The quality of the Internet technology is undergoing changes.

The important manifestations are in three aspects: one is the transformation of habits. When the traditional network scale is expanded, the system’s rotation habits will increase accordingly, and the two are inversely related; while the situation of new power systems is the larger the capacity of solar energy and wind, the more the number of replacements of the pyroelectric power, the smaller the system’s rotation habits will become. The second is the Internet situation. Traditional power network is a traffic network dominated by traffic synchronous generators, and the new power system is an AC-DC hybrid power network with high proportional converters. The third is power supply. The output of traditional power is stable and controllable, and the output of new power is volatile and intermittent. The changes in these technical characteristics have brought severe challenges to the safety and stability of new power systems.

(3) Energy becomes the fourth element that is indispensable or missing in the power system.

The actual demand and technological advancement of the project have made energy storage parallel to power, power network and load, becoming the fourth element of new power systems. The characteristics of traditional power generation and use are being changed in the department. Various energy storage equipment and energy storage systems on the Internet have created new forms of power and power balance, such as charging and discharging of electric vehicles. “Electricity-based” is a significant feature of the new power system.

(4) The most basic change in the relationship between the distribution network.

Activation and coordination make the distribution network transform from the original single and pure power supply network into a local network that can perform self-balancing. From the global perspective of the Internet, the transport network is located in the middle of the New York City, similar to a “big reservoir”, and the distribution network surrounds it, like countless “small reservoirs”. One of the main functions of the transport network is to receive or replenish the surplus or shortfall of the distribution network at any time, so as to ensure the reliable power supply of the distribution network; while providing services to users, the distribution network complies with technical regulations and operational regulations to ensure that it can make contributions to the safety and stability of the entire network (if the implementation of demand responses is implemented.Should etc.). The distribution network forms a dual-directional interactive cooperation and symbiotic relationship.

2

The rhythm difference between traffic ultra-high pressure and the construction of new power systems

2.1 There are acquired technical shortcomings in traffic ultra-high pressure projects. Important manifestations are in the following aspects:

(1) The “landing nature” is serious, and the basic power supply is not directly connected to the ultra-high-pressure traffic network, which results in the actual power transmission ability is far lower than the theoretical value.

(2) The Internet has another layer, which greatly adds the reconciliation, difficulty in control and safety risks of the entire system.

(3) The cost is expensive, the application rate is not high, and the price-to-price ratio is low.

(4) The demand is to be formed into a web server in the middle of the Lok Delta, and the environmental price is grand.

These difficult shortcomings are important reasons for Eastern countries to abandon ultra-high traffic pressure. Some people believe that they don’t have the ability to solve related technical problems, and giving up is self-willing, and this view cannot stand the point. Oriental has developed the overall innovation ability of national science and technology, and is still stronger than our country. Extra-high transportation pressure is a prolonged technology rather than an original technology, and there is no problem that cannot be solved. In fact, the former Su Lian built an ultra-high-voltage transport power project with a length of about 900 kilometers in the 1980s. It was only after six years of operation that the pressure was reduced to 500 kV.

Theory and practice have proved that ultra-high traffic pressure is not the commanding heights of new technologies in the power field, and there is no problem of severity. From the perspective of building a new power system tomorrow, it is actually wise for Eastern countries to give up ultra-high traffic pressure.

2.2 The ultra-high voltage of transportation cannot be adapted to the changes brought by new power systems

(1) The new power system is mainly based on new power, and its development trend is the distribution of power sources and the flattening of power network; while the construction of ultra-high voltage networks in transportation has promoted the centralization of power sources and the “verticalization” of the two development goals, which is contrary to the high-level “landing” problem of ultra-high voltage networks in transportation has doubled.

(2) The safe and stable operation of ultra-high traffic pressure networks requires more large-scale transportation synchronous generator sets to supply the transfer habits and voltage support. In the new power system with new power as the main body, with coal-electrical motors slowly joining, the large-scale traffic synchronous power generation units are becoming less and less TC: